The remarkable objects found at Spiro were produced by the ancestors of Caddo, Wichita, Pawnee, Osage, Lakota, Chickasaw, Cherokee, Muscogee, Choctaw, Potawatomi, Quapaw, Cheyenne, Seminole, and countless other Indigenous communities.
The extraordinary assemblage of objects, therefore, provides critical insight into the cosmology and culture of the ancient Mississippian people and their relationship to First American communities today from the American Southeast, Great Plains, Southwest, and possibly Mesoamerica. Many of the same images are seen in historic hide paintings, ledger drawings, tipi and shield covers, as well as 20th century artwork, such as paintings, sculpture, ceramics, basketry and weavings.